Monday, February 9, 2026

Fruits of the Caribbeans

Moving from South-east Asia where the fruits and vegetables are plenty, Caribbean fruits were different. There were fruits which I had never heard or seen earlier but that is true with moving from one region to another. It teaches you diversity and gives a nice experience to taste varied food.
a road side stall of fruits in St Kitts
Guineps:
Guineps or Ackee as they are known in Barbados have a thick green skin. It needs to be bitten to reveal the soft orange fruit inside. They are called Guineps in Jamaica because Ackee is another fruit there.
 Market is flooded with this fruit during the month of July-August

The orange soft fruit is a mixture of sweet and sour with a single seed inside. It is said to be good for diabetics.

Golden apple:

Known as wi and also aamda in Fiji, the fruit is sour and resembles a raw mango.  The seed is hard covered by hard filaments in contrast to mango which has soft filaments around the pith. It is made into pickles and with sweeteners is made into a refreshing drink.

 golden apple preserve
Ackee fruit:
This is the Ackee fruit. It is very important to be careful while consuming this fruit.
 ackee tree
The fruit when ripe, bursts open to reveal three black seeds surrounded by creamy soft flesh. The unripe fruit is toxic and if ingested, it can lead to severe kidney problems and vomiting.

Not particularly tasty on its own, the light yellow fleshy meat is eaten with salt fish which is very popular in the Caribbeans. It is Jamaica's national fruit.
salt fish

Plums or June plums:

Commonly known as governor plums, they have orange-yellow sweet and sour flesh with a single seed inside. The fruit is slightly sour and are called hog plums in Barbados and Jujube in Jamaica. They are rich in vitamin C and are said to be good for coughs, colds and arthritis.

Noni fruit:

Not a tasty fruit at all, it has medicinal properties and is consumed for that reason. It is bitter and does not have a pleasant flavor. It is usually consumed in juice form. It has a bad odor and is sometimes used to ward off mosquitoes.

Avocado:
Avocados are not indigenous to the Caribbeans, but I have never come across such huge avocados elsewhere.

 
 

Bajan cherry:
Resembling cherries, they do not at all taste like the usual cherries.
 
 

The cherries are made into a sweet and sour drink
Local fruits in the Caribbean market:
Most of the fruits are sold on roadside by vendors. From honey to jams to oil, spices you get them all.


mangoes hanging from tree

bounty of mangoes

Caribbean apricot (Mammea americana) :
The Caribbean apricot or mamaae apple as they are commonly known are round brown colored fruit.

mammaae apple, Caribbean apricot
The tree has thick leaves and the fruit maturation takes almost a year.
The fruit has thick brown skin which needs to be peeled off or removed to reveal a orange colored fruit inside.
the fruit cut open
a segment of fruit and the stony pith
The fruit tastes sour to sweet and gives a flavor of apricots, hence the name Caribbean apricot.
The large rough seed is not edible.
The fruit is cut into strips and dried.

Passion fruit:
passion fruit flower
flower and fruit on side
One of the fruits which was not a native to the region, it has become exceedingly popular as it thrives very well in the climate. The ripe fruit is shriveled from inside but has a sweet orange delicious flesh with black seeds. It is strained and added to yogurts and ice creams. I personally like to eat the seeds as well.

Sugar apple:
As the name suggests, the fruit resembling cherimoya from outside except that the outside skin is not that smooth is sweet and has a wonderful flavor. The ripe fruit breaks open on slight pressure revealing white segments with black seeds inside. One needs to suck in the flesh, chew slightly to separate the flesh and spit the seeds out. Very close to custard apple or Sharifa, grown in India and the South-east Asia.

Jamun:
Not a native to Caribbeans, the fruit comes to the market in the months of July in northern India. The fruit is green but becomes purple when ripe staining clothes and hands as well. The taste is sweet and sour making your tongue purple. It has some astringent properties which makes it impossible to eat more at the same time.

tree laden with fruits


Coconut palm:
man climbing up the palm to cut coconuts
I was fascinated watching the man climb up and pluck the coconuts in our campus.
the bunch of coconuts needs to tied so that it does not fall down and hurt someone


Not an unfamiliar fruit throughout the world, coconut has rightly been named as the "tree of heaven". Every part of this tree is used in some way or the other. Apart from the fruit which is eaten, used in cooking, pressed for taking oils, water used as a thirst quencher being close to liquid inside our red blood corpuscles so it can be drank as a replacement for intravenous drips.
The fronds are used for making roofs, brooms and also for burning. The wood for making roofs, spatulas, bowls, plates, jewelery.
thirst quencher
Banana and plantains:


Guava:


Soursop:
Again extensively found in South Asian countries, soursop has a hint of sweet and sour taste.
We used to like eating its pulp. It has very small black seeds, similar to sugar apple.
Soursop is enjoyed as juice, punches.

Cherimoya:
Belonging to the family of sour sop and sugar apple, cherimoya has a soft outer skin. The flesh inside is soft and has a very typical flavor of its own with a hint of pineapple.
Remove the thin skin and bite into the juicy fruit. Chew slowly and there are seeds which need to be spit out.

Naranj or sour orange:
A cross between orange and lemon having the flavor of orange but taste of lemon.
naranj tree
fruit
fruit from inside with big seeds
The juice is made into drinks in the Caribbeans.

Star fruit:
This fruit does not need any introduction. It is very sour when unripe but as it matures, it turns yellow and is slightly sweet.


Cocoa pods:
Caribbean countries are not vast producers of cocoa. Some countries though make their own blend of chocolates
Many countries in the Caribbeans have started making their own chocolates. Grenada has a good variety of chocolates.

Sugarcane:
Mostly all countries in the Caribbeans had large areas of sugarcane cultivation. There are acres of sugarcane production thriving in the region. The local sugar is unrefined and is brown in color.

extracting cane juice in St.Vincent

a glass of cold cane juice 



Phyllanthus emblica:
Found extensively in South Asian countries as well as in South India, this sour fruit is pickled in brine.

Rose apple:


Sargassum:
No, this is not edible but forms a very important part of Caribbean ecosystem. Every year, tons of this brown algae collect on the beaches of Caribbean Islands with the tide.
Sargassum on St. Kitts beach
  sargassum, St. Lucia using as fertilizer
Sargassum is a brown algae which drifts to the shore right from Florida to the Caribbeans. Piles and piles get collected on the shore which overtime decay and emit foul smell releasing sulphur which spoil electronics, damage things in the houses nearby. The gas also created asthmatic problems in many people.
The Worthing beach in Barbados was closed in 2018 due to heavy accumulation of algae. Most hotels in Antigue were forced to shut down for some time.

The only way to get rid off this problem is to manually remove the algae everyday.
Most islands are thinking of converting this algae into fertilizer.


Sunday, February 8, 2026

Quan Su Pagoda, Hanoi

Very close to Hoa Lo prison is the Quan Su Pagoda. It is easily recognizable with its yellow and red tiled roof. Also known as the Truc Lam Quan Su, it is one of the oldest temples in Hanoi.

History:
During the Le Dynasty in the 15th century, Champa kingdom and Laos sent their ambassadors to pay respects to Dai Viet, that is the Le Dynasty. Emperor Le Thanh Tong got the place constructed where these ambassadors could stay. The temple at this time was known by its earlier name, Truc Lam Quan Su.
A temple was also built where they could all pray during their period of stay. This pagoda is the Quan Su pagoda with Buddha as the main deity.
At the end of Le Dynasty, when many pagoda were burnt down, this pagoda somehow managed to save itself.
In the 17th century, it was converted into a military warehouse, storing ammunition and weapons. The pagoda started to be called "Quan Su" meaning the "military mandarin".
It underwent lot of renovations and was finally opened to public in 1822. It became important due to its miraculous powers of being unhurt.
In 1934, the Vietnamese Buddhist Association of Northern region was established and Quan Su Pagoda was made the headquarters.
In 1942, the pagoda had a major renovation for its designs.
 
Architecture of temple:
main gate to temple
The main entrance to temple is through a wooden triple-arched gate which is not open to visitors. In the middle is the bell floor where hangs a big bronze bell.
There is a small entrance on the side. The red roof is slanting with a red tiles. The corners arch upwards.
The architecture is a blend of Vietnamese and Chinese.
entrance to temple
With bonsai trees on sides, 11 steps lead to inside of temple
 
 sides of stairs leading to main prayer hall
praying in front of pagoda
Roof of pagoda is decorated with a moon surrounded by flaming .....

main altar
The inside of temple is painted in red and gold symbolizing prosperity, happiness and good fortune. There are large gold plated images in the altar.
There are three tiers of the placement of images in the main altar.
  • Topmost tier: has images of three times Buddha, of the past, present and future represented by Dipankar (Buddha of the past), Shakyamuni (of present) and Maitreya (Buddha of future)
  • The bronze image is said to date back to 17th century.
  • Below this tier, is a huge image of Amitabha Buddha flanked by Avalokiteshwar Boddhisatva (Guanyin) and Mahasthamaprapta Boddhisattva. Mahasthamaprapta is one of the oldest boddhisattavas
  • Below the central tier sits Shakyamuni Buddha flanked by Ananda and Mahakasyapa.Bell on the right of temple
On the right side of main hall, the altar has a golden image of Monk Ly Quoc Su.
He is also known as Zen Master Nguyen Minh Khong. His name was Nguyen Chi Thanh and lived in the Ly Dynasty(10th-12th century)
The right side of hall is to worship Guan Yin
offerings
In front of Guan Yin is a drum
votive paper burning furnace

inside view of main gate
bell on top of main gate
information of temple
Library, monk's quarter next to main prayer hall
The courtyard around the main hall is library, monk's quarters, a reception hall, book stall, souvenir shop
The library here is said to have largest and invaluable collection of Buddhist scriptures and documents which are used in Buddhist ceremonies and rituals.

souvenir shop
hall for holding conventions
books for sale


Annual Lantern festival:
Annual lantern festival is celebrated every year on 15th day of the Lunar New Year. The temple is decorated with plenty of lanterns.

Timings:
The pagoda opens daily from 7:30 to 11:30 AM and from 1:30 to 5:30 PM